Design and Construction of Incubator\Egg Hatcher at Home

Introduction

In this project we design and construct an incubator .An incubator is a machine which is use for hatching a chicken eggs. This incubator can almost hatch all kinds of bird eggs.This idea is also useful for infant incubator in the medical field. In infant incubator we need to control few more parameters.

There are a lots of application of incubator project in industries .

Problem statement

If we don’t use incubator technology. Then it will affect all the food industries. Chickens are one of the most used food item in the world.

Normally the natural Way of Eggs hatching rate are very low while in incubator technology the rate of hatching are very high .We can produce a lots of healthy chicks with the help of incubator without any problems.

Objectives :

In this project we will be design and construct an incubator. For incubator project few parameters are needs to be control. These parameter are like a mother chicken give to there eggs to hatch them .First of all we need an insulated box for that we need a rectangular type metal frame and all the sides of which are cover with a glass .Inside of this box we need to control few parameters. we need to control temperature for which we need a temperature sensor. A humidity sensor is used to control humidity. For Air circulation we need a small Fan. We also need a heater to maintain the incubator temperature.

We are Using Arduino uno to control all these sensors and all the Circuits of the incubator.

Egg turner is also very important to prevent the eggs mortality. For egg turner a large container tray is needed to hold the eggs .the egg turner is further connected to the DC gear motor which control its turning after every eight hours.

$Design and Construction of Incubator\Egg Hatcher at Home$

Temperature: The eggs need to be kept at 99.5 degrees at all times; just one degree higher or lower for a few hours can terminate the embryo.

Humidity: 40 to 50 percent humidity must be maintained for the first 18 days; 65 to 75 percent humidity is needed for the final days before hatching.

Ventilation: Egg shells are porous, allowing oxygen to enter and carbon dioxide to exit; incubators need to have holes or vents that allow fresh air to circulate so the fetuses can breathe.

Scope of my project

We can use Incubator project in both domestic and industrial levels.

The system worked according to specification and proved quite satisfactory. It is relatively affordable, durable and efficient. Hence, give room for ease of operation and high level of reliability.

General block diagram

$Arduino project Design and Construction of Incubator\Egg Hatcher at Home$

Components used in this project.

• Electrical and Electronic Equipment’s

• Temperature and humidity sensor KY-015

• Temperature Sensor LM35

• LCD

• Buzzer

• Heater

• AC Light

• DC Light

• Arduino Microcontroller

• Relays

• DC Gear Motor

• Diodes

• Vero board

• Soldering wire

• Transistors

• ULN 2803(IC)

• Bread board

• Jumper wires

• Bridge rectifies

• Polar capacitors

• Lm7805 voltage regulator

• Transformer 12volts output

• LED,s

• Resistors

Sketch :

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

int sensorValue = 0;

int analogPin = 0; // Temprature sensor pin

int readValue = 0;

byte r; // serial control

float temperature = 0;

float temperatureF = 0;

int Motorleft = 9; // DC MOTOR pin

int Motorright =10;

unsigned long previousTime = 0;

int comp = 1;

long interval = 28800000; //28800000 = 8 hours , 1000msec=1sec Motor delay egg turning

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);

int fan = 6; //DC Fan

int DHpin = 8; // TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR pin

int bulb=7; // Bulb pin

int tempc;

int tempcd;

int tempf;

int tempfd;

byte dat[5];

byte read_data()

{

byte data;

for(int i=0; i<8; i++)

{ if(digitalRead(DHpin) == LOW)

{ while(digitalRead(DHpin) == LOW);

delayMicroseconds(30);

if(digitalRead(DHpin) == HIGH)

data |= (1<<(7-i));

while(digitalRead(DHpin) == HIGH);

}

return data;

}

void start_test()

{

digitalWrite(DHpin,LOW);

delay(30);

digitalWrite(DHpin,HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(40);

pinMode(DHpin,INPUT);

while(digitalRead(DHpin) == HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(80);

if(digitalRead(DHpin) == LOW);

delayMicroseconds(80);

for(int i=0;i<4;i++)

dat[i] = read_data();

pinMode(DHpin,OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(DHpin,HIGH);

int a,b;

}

void setup()

{

pinMode(fan, OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(fan, LOW);

pinMode(Motorleft, OUTPUT); //Motor OUTPUT

digitalWrite(Motorleft, LOW);

pinMode(Motorright, OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(Motorright, LOW);

lcd.begin(16, 2);

pinMode(bulb, OUTPUT); //BULB output

pinMode(DHpin,OUTPUT);

Serial.begin(9600);

}

void loop()

{ readValue = analogRead(analogPin);

temperature = (readValue * 0.0049);

temperature = temperature * 100;

temperatureF = (temperature * 1.8) + 32;

delay(1000);

//lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor(0,0);

lcd.print("TP ");

lcd.print(temperature);

lcd.print("C ");

lcd.print(temperatureF);

lcd.print('F');

start_test();

lcd.setCursor(0,2);

lcd.print("HUMIDITY ");

lcd.print(dat[0],DEC);

lcd.print('.');

lcd.print(dat[1],DEC);

lcd.print('%');

// tempc =(dat[2]);

// tempf = (tempc * 9)/ 5 + 32; // convert c to f

// tempcd =(dat[3]);

// tempfd = (tempcd * 9)/ 5 + 32; // convert c to f

if ( temperatureF >= 102) // check temp to on or off bulb

{ digitalWrite(bulb, LOW);

digitalWrite(fan, LOW);

}

else

{ digitalWrite(bulb,HIGH);

digitalWrite(fan, HIGH);

}

if ( temperatureF <= 98) // check temp to on or off bulb

{ digitalWrite(bulb, HIGH);

digitalWrite(fan, HIGH);

}

else

{ digitalWrite(bulb,LOW);

digitalWrite(fan, LOW);

}

delay(100);

unsigned long currentTime = millis(); // store the time since the Arduino started running in a variable

if(currentTime - previousTime > interval) // if it is greater than your interval, run the if statement // compare the current time to the previous time an LED turned on

{

previousTime = currentTime;

switch (comp)

{

case 1:

digitalWrite(Motorleft, HIGH);

delay(2400);

digitalWrite(Motorleft, LOW);

comp = 2;

break;

case 2:

digitalWrite(Motorright, HIGH);